PAPER-I
Circuits—Theory
- Circuit components; network graphs; KCL, KVL;
- Circuit analysis methods : nodal analysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications;
- transient analysis : RL, RC and RLC circuits;
- sinusoidal steady state analysis; resonant circuits; coupled circuits; balanced 3-phase circuits. Two-port networks.
Signals and Systems
- Representation of continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems; LTI systems; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based on convolution and differential/difference equations.
- Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, Transfer function.
- Sampling and recovery of signals DFT, FFT Processing of analog signals through discrete-time systems.
E.M. Theory
- Maxwell’s equations, wave propagation in bounded media. Boundary conditions, reflection and refraction of plane waves.
- Transmission lines : travelling and standing waves, impedance matching, Smith chart.
Analog Electronics
- Characteristics and equivalent circuits (large and small-signal) of Diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET.
- Diode circuits : Clipping, clamping, rectifier.
- Biasing and bias stability.
- FET amplifiers.
- Current mirror; Amplifiers : single and multi-stage, differential, operational feedback and power.
- Analysis of amplifiers; frequency-response of amplifiers. OP AMP circuits. Filters; sinusoidal oscillators :
- criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and OP AMP configurations. Function generators and wave-shaping circuits. Linear and switching power supplies.
Digital Electronics
- Boolean algebra; minimisation of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS).
- Combinational circuits : arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers and decoders.
- Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories.
- Logic implementation using programmable devices (ROM, PLA, FPGA).
Energy Conversion
- Principles of electromechanical energy conversion : Torque and emf in rotating machines.
- DC machines : characteristics and performance analysis; starting and speed control of motors.
- Transformers : principles of operation and analysis; regulation, efficiency; 3-phase transformers.
- 3-phase induction machines and synchronous machines : characteristics and performance analysis; speed control.
Power Electronics and Electric Drives
- Semiconductor power devices : diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET-static characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters : fully-controlled and half-controlled; principles of thyristor choppers and inverters;
- DC-DC converters; Switch mode inverter; basic concepts of speed control of dc and ac motor drives applications of variable-speed drives.
Analog Communication
- Random variables : continuous, discrete; probability, probability functions. Statistical averages; probability models; Random signals and noise : white noise, noise equivalent bandwidth; signal transmission with noise; signal to noise ratio.
- Linear CW modulation : Amplitude modulation : DSB, DSB-SC and SSB.
- Modulators and Demodulators; Phase and Frequency modulation : PM & FM signals; narrows band FM; generation & detection of FM and PM, Deemphasis, Preemphasis.
- CW modulation system : Superheterodyne receivers, AM receivers, communication receivers, FM receivers, phase locked loop, SSB receiver Signal to noise ratio calculation or AM and FM receivers.
PAPER II
Control Systems
- Elements of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop & closed-loop systems; principles and applications of feed-back.
- Control system components.
- LTI systems : time-domain and transform-domain analysis. Stability : Routh Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, Bode-plots and polar plots, Nyquist’s criterion; Design of lead-lag compensators. Proportional, PI, PID controllers.
- State-variable representation and analysis of control systems.
Microprocessors and Microcomputers
PC organization; CPU, instruction set, register set timing diagram, programming, interrupts, memory interfacing, I/O interfacing, programmable peripheral devices.
Measurement and Instrumentation
- Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements. Signal conditioning circuit;
- Electronic measuring instruments : multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum-analyser, distortion-meter. Transducers : thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strain-gauge, piezo-electric crystal.
Power Systems: Analysis and Control
- Steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables;
- principles of active and reactive power transfer and distribution; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow; voltage control and power factor correction; economic operation; symmetrical components, analysis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.
- Concepts of system stability : swing curves and equal area criterion. Static VAR system. Basic concepts of HVDC transmission.
Power System Protection
- Principles of overcurrent, differential and distance protection.
- Concept of solid state relays.
- Circuit breakers.
- Computer aided protection : introduction; line, bus, generator, transformer protection; numeric relays and application of DSP to protection.
- 6. Digital Communication :
- Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), delta modulation (DM), Digital modulation and demodulation schemes : amplitude, phase and frequency keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK).
- Error control coding : error detection and correction, linear block codes, convolution codes.
- Information measure and source coding.
- Data networks, 7-layer architecture.